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Surah Al-Ma'idah — 5:32

مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَٰلِكَ كَتَبْنَا عَلَىٰ بَنِىٓ إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ أَنَّهُۥ مَن قَتَلَ نَفْسًۢا بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ أَوْ فَسَادٍ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَتَلَ ٱلنَّاسَ جَمِيعًا وَمَنْ أَحْيَاهَا فَكَأَنَّمَآ أَحْيَا ٱلنَّاسَ جَمِيعًا ۚ وَلَقَدْ جَآءَتْهُمْ رُسُلُنَا بِٱلْبَيِّنَـٰتِ ثُمَّ إِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِّنْهُم بَعْدَ ذَٰلِكَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ لَمُسْرِفُونَ

min ajli zaalika katabnaa 'alaa Banee Israaa'eela annahoo man qatala nnafsam bighairi nafsin aw fasaadin fil ardi faka annnamaa qatalan fil ardi faka annammaa qatalan naasa jamee'anw wa man ahyaahaa faka annamaaa ahyan naasa jamee'aa; wa laqad jaaa'at hum Rusulunaa bilbaiyinaati summa inna kaseeram minhum ba'da zaalika fil ardi lamusrifoon

Oleh karena itu, Kami tetapkan (suatu hukum) bagi Bani Isrā`īl, bahwa barang siapa yang membunuh seorang manusia, bukan karena orang itu (membunuh) orang lain, atau bukan karena membuat kerusakan di muka bumi, maka seakan-akan dia telah membunuh manusia seluruhnya. Dan barang siapa yang memelihara kehidupan seorang manusia, maka seolah-olah dia telah memelihara kehidupan manusia semuanya. Dan sesungguhnya telah datang kepada mereka rasul-rasul Kami dengan (membawa) keterangan-keterangan yang jelas, kemudian banyak di antara mereka sesudah itu sungguh-sungguh melampaui batas dalam berbuat kerusakan di muka bumi.

Because of this, we decreed for the Children of Israel that whoever kills a soul — other than in retribution for a soul, or for corruption in the land — it is as if they had killed all of humanity, and whoever saves a soul, it is as if they had saved all of humanity. And our messengers came to them with clear proofs, yet even after that, many of them went to excess in the land.

Reflection

The ruling is tied to what came just before it: one brother has buried another, and from that single grave a law is drawn that reaches the whole of humankind. Addressed to the Children of Israel, the formulation runs close to a passage in the Mishnah's tractate Sanhedrin, which reasons the same way from the creation of one man. Both texts refuse to let one life count as a fraction of anything.

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